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In general, the procedure outlined in this article works on any Raspberry PI model. If you first want to try out the steps in this article, before investing into these additional parts, a simple USB flash drive of 8GB or greater suffices for testing purposes. Ideally a high quality 2.5″ SATA SSD drive (such as the Samsung 860 PRO) in combination with a USB 3.0 to 2.5″ SATA III adapter. In addition you need the actual USB drive. In case you haven’t yet installed the operating system, you can follow the instructions from a previous article, covering the steps to setup your Raspberry PI as a headless server. Furthermore I assume that you already installed Raspbian (the Raspberry PI operating system based on Debian) on the SD card. I assume that you already own a Raspberry PI, with a micro SD card and a suitable power supply. Directly boot your Raspberry PI 4 from a USB drive.
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These newer models support booting for a USB drive out-of-the-box. Note that if you own a Raspberry PI 4, 400 or Compute Module 4, an easier approach exists. When should you move the Raspberry PI root file system to a USB drive? Ideally right after you installed the Raspbian operating system and booted your Raspberry PI for the first time with it. Afterwards you can boot your Raspberry PI with the root file system located on the USB drive. This article presents clear step-by-step instructions on moving the root file system from your Raspberry PI SD card to an external USB drive.
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One solution is by storing the Raspberry PI root file system on a USB drive, instead of the SD card. So, if we can figure out a way to not write to the SD card, the problem is solved. When does this problem with the SD card occur? Well, only during write operations. For some their Raspberry PI server runs without problems for over a year, others that are less lucky need to replace the SD-card several time a year. Especially if you plan on running your Raspberry PI as a server 24/7. Google the phrase “Raspberry PI SD card corruption” and soon you’ll realize that this is a serious concern. This article presents instructions on moving the root file system from the SD card to an external USB drive, such that you can boot your Raspberry PI with the root file system on the USB drive. Moving the root file system of your Raspberry PI to an external USB drive bypasses this problem. There is just one snag: sooner or later the SD card gets corrupted during a write operation. You can even run it as a server 24/7 all year round. You can retrieve these information with the command lsusb.A Raspberry PI is a wonderful and powerful little computer. So, the string 4-1:1.1 means: the interface 1, on configuration 1 that is connected on the port 1 of the bus 4. B is the interface number of a configuration.A is the configuration number of the device.Then, the last two fields of the pattern (after colon) identify an internal section of an USB device : usb 4-1: Product: Logitech Illuminated Keyboard usb 4-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0 usb 4-1: New USB device found, idVendor=046d, idProduct=c318 usb 4-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using ohci_hcd So, the USB device identified with the string 1-2.1.1 is the device connected on the port 1 of the hub connected on the port 1 of the hub connected to the port 2 of the bus 1.Ī fast way to retrieve these information is to read the kernel messages (if you can). USB specification allow you to connect in cascade more then one USB hub, so the Linux kernel continue to append the port in use on the different hubs. So, the USB device identified with the string 1-2.5 is the device connected on the port 5 of the hub connected on the port 2 of the bus 1. The Linux kernel identify this situation by appending the Z field. If you connect an USB hub, you are extending the connection capability of a single USB port. So the USB device identified with the string 3-3 is the device connected on the port 3 of the bus 3. X is the USB bus of your motherboard where is connected the USB system.(In the article they speak about /proc/bus/usb, today we have /dev/bus/usb)įurther more, could you explain to me the number 1-1:1.0? What does it mean?Įach field identify the connection point of your device. I think that the following article can help you dev/bus/usb is what you are looking for. What you see behind /sys/ is mainly configuration/information about devices. So which device file is used for USB? How can i indentify it?